{"id":12152,"date":"2026-03-03T16:12:06","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T15:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/synthetic-populations-generator-spg\/"},"modified":"2026-03-03T16:22:34","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T15:22:34","slug":"synthetic-populations-generator-spg","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/synthetic-populations-generator-spg\/","title":{"rendered":"Synthetic Populations Generator (SPG)"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_a2c25fd9 height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row section-with-two-column-on-mobile via_grid cols_4 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_middle type_default stacking_default\" style=\"--gap:3rem;\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image us_custom_da4cf359 align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"123\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/EN-Funded-by-the-European-Union_WHITE-Outline_500px.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/EN-Funded-by-the-European-Union_WHITE-Outline_500px.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/EN-Funded-by-the-European-Union_WHITE-Outline_500px-300x74.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image us_custom_da4cf359 align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/LOGOBIANCO-_UniversitaRicerca-Nolineare_-500px.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/LOGOBIANCO-_UniversitaRicerca-Nolineare_-500px.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/LOGOBIANCO-_UniversitaRicerca-Nolineare_-500px-300x90.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image us_custom_da4cf359 align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"217\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/italia-domani-tracciato_COLOREBIANCO_500px.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/italia-domani-tracciato_COLOREBIANCO_500px.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/italia-domani-tracciato_COLOREBIANCO_500px-300x130.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image us_custom_da4cf359 align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"109\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Logo_CNR_affiancato_neg_500px.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Logo_CNR_affiancato_neg_500px.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Logo_CNR_affiancato_neg_500px-300x65.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium color_primary with_img\"><div class=\"l-section-img\" role=\"img\" data-img-width=\"2560\" data-img-height=\"1707\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/kenny-eliason-CXDw96Oy-Yw-unsplash-scaled.jpg);background-repeat: no-repeat;\"><\/div><div class=\"l-section-overlay\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(26,26,26,0.45),rgba(0,0,0,0.65))\"><\/div><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_bottom type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h1 class=\"w-text us_custom_8b3d6790 has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">Synthetic Populations Generator (SPG)<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_bcd427a6 height_auto type_sticky\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><nav class=\"w-menu us_custom_65e1df24 has_text_color layout_hor style_blocks not_responsive us_menu_1\" style=\"--main-ver-indent:0.8em;--main-hor-indent:0.8em;--main-bg-color:var(--color-header-transparent-bg);--main-color:var(--color-header-top-text-hover);--main-hover-bg-color:var(--color-content-primary);--main-hover-color:var(--color-header-middle-bg);--main-active-bg-color:var(--color-header-top-text-hover);--main-active-color:var(--color-header-middle-bg);\"><ul id=\"menu-menu-services\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-10656\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10656\"><a href=\"#obiettivi\">Objectives<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-10657\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10657\"><a href=\"#descrizione\">Description<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-10658\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10658\"><a href=\"#achi\">To whom it is addressed<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-10659\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10659\"><a href=\"#informazioni\">Info and insights<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_3-2 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\" style=\"--gap:0rem;\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>Synthetic Populations Generator (SPG)<\/strong> is a service designed for research conditions where <strong>microdata on the population are not available, and information can only be obtained in aggregate form or distributed across various sources<\/strong>. The main objective of the service is to provide users with a <strong>synthetic population that integrates data from different sources<\/strong>, thus providing detailed and integrated micro-level information on the characteristics of the reference population.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-btn-wrapper align_center\"><a class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_1 us_custom_064d3121\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/fossr.d4science.org\/group\/fossr-lab\/ccp-method-execution?method=bda951d1-af55-4aea-adf0-9b9a6fb16a09#iss=https:\/\/accounts.d4science.org\/auth\/realms\/d4science\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">Enter SPG<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"width: 60%;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/FOSSR-SPG-scaled.png\" alt=\"FOSSR SPG\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container us_custom_292f924c has_bg_color\"><div class=\"vc_column-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.00)\"><\/div><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_fc101970 height_medium\" id=\"obiettivi\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container us_custom_5dc8dd00\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_cfada43f has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">Objectives<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"w-iconbox us_custom_0d27df6b iconpos_left style_circle color_primary align_left no_title\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-icon\" style=\"font-size:1rem;\"><i class=\"fas fa-users\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox-meta\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-text\"><p>The extraction of <strong>synthetic data<\/strong> relating to the population can be used for research within artificial<br \/>populations (e.g. social simulation models) representative of the target population, but also for<br \/>other methods where information integrated with synthetic data is necessary.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\" id=\"descrizione\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container us_custom_abf3ca82 has_bg_color stretched\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_e60c3f1a has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>Synthetic Populations Generator (SPG)<\/strong> responds to the need to conduct research<br \/>in conditions where micro-data on the population are not available, and<br \/>information is obtainable in aggregate form or distributed among various sources.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_887a049b height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_cfada43f has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">Service description<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\" style=\"--gap:3rem;\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_542ceca1\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The service i<strong>s designed to automate the process of extracting synthetic data for the user<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The user must upload an input .csv file with the aggregated data from which the synthetic population is to be extracted. The user is provided with instructions on how to prepare the input file to allow the identification of joint categories and what level of integration is desired. The algorithm identifies from the input data and calculates estimates of joint distributions for multiple dimensions and units of analysis. The algorithm calculates from the input variables and automatically corrects for known joint distributions, if provided. The final output returned to the user is a .csv file containing the synthetic data extraction. Other formats are also available.<\/p>\n<p>In line with <strong>Open Science principles<\/strong>, the service will be distributed through the <strong>release of the algorithm code, user interface and web app via the FOSSR Virtual Research Environment (VRE) servers<\/strong>. There is <strong>no charge for access<\/strong> to the service.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_f2f5a91f height_medium\" id=\"achi\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_4a29d934 has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">To whom it is addressed<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_8fc8b052 has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The service is primarily aimed at <strong>researchers who use demographic data on the population<\/strong>, as in the case of social simulation, but not only. The service can also be extended to <strong>policymakers<\/strong> when used as a basis for producing data for use in population research models and analyses.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\" id=\"informazioni\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_cfada43f has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">Information<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The FOSSR-SPG service is managed by the Research Institute for Population and Social Policies (CNR-IRPPS), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/istitutiecentripartecipanti\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a  FOSSR project partner<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_4f1b658e has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">Insights<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"w-grid type_grid layout_blog_1 hidden cols_2\" id=\"us_grid_1\" style=\"--gap:1.5rem;\" data-filterable=\"true\"><style>@media (max-width:600px){#us_grid_1 .w-grid-list{margin:0}#us_grid_1 .w-grid-item{width:100%;padding:0;margin-bottom:var(--gap,0px)}}.layout_blog_1 .w-grid-item-h{}.layout_blog_1 .usg_post_image_1{margin-bottom:0.5rem!important}.layout_blog_1 .usg_post_title_1{font-size:1rem!important}<\/style><div class=\"w-grid-list\"><\/div><div class=\"w-grid-preloader\">\t<div class=\"g-preloader type_1\">\r\n\t\t<div><\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\t<div class=\"w-grid-json hidden\" onclick='return {&quot;action&quot;:&quot;us_ajax_grid&quot;,&quot;infinite_scroll&quot;:0,&quot;max_num_pages&quot;:0,&quot;pagination&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;template_vars&quot;:{&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;exclude_items&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;img_size&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;ignore_items_size&quot;:0,&quot;items_layout&quot;:&quot;blog_1&quot;,&quot;items_offset&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;load_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;overriding_link&quot;:&quot;{\\&quot;url\\&quot;:\\&quot;\\&quot;}&quot;,&quot;post_id&quot;:0,&quot;query_args&quot;:{&quot;post_type&quot;:[&quot;post&quot;],&quot;tax_query&quot;:[{&quot;taxonomy&quot;:&quot;post_tag&quot;,&quot;field&quot;:&quot;slug&quot;,&quot;terms&quot;:[&quot;spg&quot;]}],&quot;post_status&quot;:[&quot;publish&quot;,&quot;acf-disabled&quot;,&quot;mapped&quot;,&quot;needs_update&quot;],&quot;posts_per_page&quot;:&quot;10&quot;},&quot;orderby_query_args&quot;:{&quot;orderby&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;DESC&quot;}},&quot;type&quot;:&quot;grid&quot;,&quot;us_grid_post_type&quot;:&quot;post&quot;,&quot;us_grid_ajax_index&quot;:1,&quot;us_grid_filter_params&quot;:[],&quot;us_grid_index&quot;:1,&quot;page_args&quot;:[],&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}}'><\/div>\r\n\t<\/div><div class=\"w-grid-none type_message\">No results found.<\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_f20ad11b\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><em>*pictures credits: Kenny Eliason on Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Synthetic Populations Generator (SPG)ObjectivesDescriptionTo whom it is addressedInfo and insightsSynthetic Populations Generator (SPG) is a service designed for research conditions where microdata on the population are not available, and information can only be obtained in aggregate form or distributed across various sources. The main objective of the service is to provide users with a synthetic...","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":9660,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12152","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12152"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12152\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12161,"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12152\/revisions\/12161"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fossr.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}